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¡¦Decrease Inherent Risk
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¡¦Decrease Detection Risk
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Audit risk is the risk that the auditor may unknowingly fail to appropriately modify his or her opinion on financial statements that are materially misstated. (AU312.02)
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AU312.02¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡ÖAudit Risk¡×¤Ïmaterially misstated¤ÊF/S¤ËÂФ·¤Æ°Õ¸«¤ò½¤Àµ¤Ç¤¤Ê¤¤risk¤ÈÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
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Fraud risk factors do not necessarily indicate the existence of fraud; however, they often are present in circumstances where fraud exists.(AU316A.30)
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AU316A.30¤Ë¤è¤ë¤È¡ÖFraud Risk Factors¡×¤Ï¤½¤ì¼«¿ÈFraud¤Î¸ºß¤ò¼¨º¶¤¹¤ë¤ï¤±¤Ç¤Ê¤¤¤¬¡¢Fraud¤¬Â¸ºß¤¹¤ë¾õ¶·¤Î»þ¤Ë¤Ï¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤â¤¢¤ë¡£¤È¤¤¤¦´¶¤¸¤ÇÄêµÁ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤Þ¤¹¡£
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¤½¤ì¤Ç¤Ï¡¢»Ä¤ê¤Î¡ÖInherent Risk¡×¡ÖControl Risk¡×¡ÖDetection Risk¡×¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÄêµÁ¤ò³Îǧ¤·¤Æ¤ª¤¤Þ¤·¤ç¤¦¡£
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Inherent risk is the susceptibility of an assertion to a material misstatement, assuming that there are no related controls. The risk of such misstatement is greater for some assertions and related balances or classes than for others. For example, complex calculations are more likely to be misstated than simple calculations. Cash is more susceptible to theft than an inventory of coal. Accounts consisting of amounts derived from accounting estimates pose greater risks than do accounts consisting of relatively routine, factual data. External factors also influence inherent risk. For example, technological developments might make a particular product obsolete, thereby causing inventory to be more susceptible to overstatement. In addition to those factors that are peculiar to a specific assertion for an account balance or a class of transactions, factors that relate to several or all of the balances or classes may influence the inherent risk related to an assertion for a specific balance or class. These latter factors include, for example, a lack of sufficient working capital to continue operations or a declining industry characterized by a large number of business failures.(AU312A.27.a)
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Control risk is the risk that a material misstatement that could occur in an assertion will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by the entity's internal control. That risk is a function of the effectiveness of the design and operation of internal control in achieving the entity's objectives relevant to preparation of the entity's financial statements. Some control risk will always exist because of the inherent limitations of internal control.(AU312A.27.b)
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Detection risk is the risk that the auditor will not detect a material misstatement that exists in an assertion. Detection risk is a function of the effectiveness of an auditing procedure and of its application by the auditor. It arises partly from uncertainties that exist when the auditor does not examine 100 percent of an account balance or a class of transactions and partly because of other uncertainties that exist even if he or she were to examine 100 percent of the balance or class. Such other uncertainties arise because an auditor might select an inappropriate auditing procedure, misapply an appropriate procedure, or misinterpret the audit results. These other uncertainties can be reduced to a negligible level through adequate planning and supervision and conduct of a firm's audit practice in accordance with appropriate quality control standards.(AU312A.27.c)
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